I was recently shopping for some new earbuds and found some that had some contraptions attached to the cords. It turns out this had something to do with noise cancelling. This got me curious and had to do some research to find out what the heck this technology is all about. I ended up getting schooled in how noise cancellation works.
The gist of it is that each of the earbuds has a microphone that detects the sounds that are coming in. If the frequency of the sound is constant and within a reasonable range, it can be cancelled. This is accomplished by a speaker that emits a wave of sound that is exact opposition to the wave of the incoming sound that is needing to be negated. By producing an oppositely timed wave the trough of one wave cancels out the crest of the wave produced by the other sound.
And that is how the the sound disappears.
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